Different  Diabetes Types

There are two main types or kinds of diabetes, type 1 and type 2 .The type 1 diabetes was called previously insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. In type 1 diabetes the pancreas undergoes an autoimmune attack of the body itself and is not able to make insulin. Abnormal antibodies were found in most patients with diabetes type 1. Antibodies are proteins in the blood which are part of the body’s immune system. Patients with type 1 diabetes are dependent on insulin medication to stay alive.

Diabetes type 1

In autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes the immune system mistakenly produced antibodies and inflammatory cells, which are directed against and damage to body tissues of the patient. When people type the beta cells of the pancreas, which are responsible for the production of insulin, be attacked with 1 diabetes due to the loss of the immune system. It is believed that 1 diabetes develop tendency of abnormal antibodies in type partially genetically is inherited, although the details are not fully understood.

Exposure to certain viral infections (mumps, Coxsackie viruses) or other environmental toxins can serve to trigger reactions of abnormal antibodies; the damage to the cells of the pancreas, insulin is taken. Seen in type 1 diabetes antibodies, cell anti-Ilhota insulo antibodies and antibody of anti-Glutamico decarboxylase contain some of the antibodies. These antibodies can be detected in most patients and can help to determine which persons are at increased risk of type 1 diabetes.

At the time of the American Diabetes Association recommends that not the general population screening for diabetes type 1, although screening of high-risk individuals, such as those with a relative first degree (parent or sibling) with type 1 diabetes should be motivated. Type 1 diabetes tends among young people, thin, in the rule occur 30years ago, but older patients with this form of diabetes is present at the time. This subgroup is known as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). LADA is a slow, progressive form of diabetes type 1. All people with diabetes have only about 10% of type 1 diabetes and the remaining 90% have type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes type 2

Type 2 diabetes was formerly also called non-insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult diabetes mellitus (AODM). In diabetes type 2 can produce more insulin to patients, but as relatively insufficient for the needs of his body, particularly in the face of insulin resistance, doing, as described above. In many cases, this means that the pancreas produces more normal amounts of insulin. The main features of type 2 diabetes on insulin sensitivity is missing by cells of the body (especially the fat and muscle cells).

In addition to the problems with increased insulin resistance insulin release from the pancreas can be quality also defective and inferior. Actually, there is a steady decline in the beta cell production of insulin in diabetes type 2 and contributes to the deterioration of glycemic control known. (This is a very important factor for all patients with type 2 diabetes, which finally needs insulin therapy). Ultimately the liver in these patients is to continue to generate glucose by the process which is called Gluconeogenesis, inspite of  high levels of glucose. Gluconeogenesis control is affected.

While it says that type-2 diabetes most often used for people is over 30 years old and the incidence increases with age, we see an alarming number of patients with type 2 diabetes who are barely in their teens. Most of these situations are a direct result of bad eating habits, increased body weight and lack of exercise.

Although there is a strong genetic component to develop this form of diabetes, there are other risk factors that most important of which is obesity. There is a direct relationship between the degree of obesity and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and this is true for both children and adults. It is estimated that the likelihood for the development of diabetes for every increase of 20% over desirable body weight doubled.

As regards age show that the data for each decade after age is 40, regardless of weight, there is a rise in the incidence of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among people over 65 years and older is about 27%. Diabetes type 2 is also more common in certain ethnic groups. Compared with a prevalence of 7% non-Hispanic whites, is expected to be 8%, 12% of Hispanics around 13% of the blacks and in some Indian communities the prevalence in Asian American 20% to 50%. Finally, diabetes occurs more commonly in women with a past of diabetes, which evolves at the time of pregnancy (gestational diabetes).

Other types of Diabetes

Diabetes may temporarily occur during pregnancy, and the reports indicate that it occurs in 2% to 10% of all pregnancies. Hormonal changes can lead to the increase of blood sugar in genetically predisposed his people during pregnancy. High blood sugar during pregnancy called gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually resolves once the baby is born. But 35% will develop type 2 diabetes up to 60% of women with gestational diabetes, eventually in the next 10 to 20 years, especially those who overweight, insulin during pregnancy and those who remain after their delivery. Patients with gestational diabetes are in the rule are invited to undergo an oral glucose-tolerance test about six weeks after the birth, has retained whether your diabetes outside of pregnancy, or when providing the patient’s future risk of developing diabetes can be clues (such as impaired glucose tolerance).

Diabetes refers to ‘secondary’ high levels of sugar in the blood of another disease. Secondary diabetes can occur if responsible destroyed pancreatic tissue by disease, such as chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas by toxins such as excess alcohol), trauma or surgical removal of the pancreas to produce insulin.

Diabetes can lead to other hormonal disorders such as excessive production of growth hormone (acromegaly) and Cushing’s syndrome. In acromegaly, a pituitary causes tumor at the base of the brain, results in excessive production of growth hormone to hyperglycemia. Cushing’s disease, the adrenal glands produce an excess of cortical, which promotes the elevation in blood sugar levels.In addition, can certain drugs worsen diabetes control or “debunk” latent diabetes. This is most commonly seen when medicines are taken steroids (such as prednisone) as well as drugs for the treatment of HIV infection (AIDS).